North Korean Nuclearisation

Introduction Nuclearisation has in reality become a significant political matter in the world for the past ten years. This has concurrently been marked by the nuclearisation of North Korea, United States, South Asia, Iran, India, Libya and many other states.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on North Korean Nuclearisation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More North Korea’s interest in nuclear weapons capacity has long aggravated heated arguments between policy makers and researchers. Such arguments are mostly about the reasons for engagement and repeated dissatisfaction in attempts to confer to Korean denuclearization. These debates widely reveal divergent opinions of the North Korean government and its sustainability as an independent political, financial and martial system. They also reflect the likely consequences of prolonged nuclear development in this secluded and highly eccentric state (Sidney, 2007). Efforts to hold back North Korea’s interest in nuclear weapons is among the topmost running and least victorious sagas in global security. It is however highly unfortunate that North Korea keeps on deceiving the international community through its open attitudes and mischief. This is in contrast to the advancement in international nuclear disbarment and non- proliferation. The subject of North Korean nuclearisation has been deteriorating over time. This essay will assess North Korea’s venerable quest for nuclear weapons and its potential insinuations for national security. It will establish whether North Korea is a responsible nuclear weapon state in comparison with other states. Discussion North Korea is not a responsible nuclear weapons state. Its irresponsibility is seen especially when US and Russia, which are the largest nuclear powers globally put their signature on the New Start Treaty promising to lower the number of planned nuclear warheads.Advertising Looking f or essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Consequently, the Nuclear Security Summit met to build up a shared agreement on the gravity of the menace of nuclear terrorism. North Korea’s irresponsibility in this case is seen when it continues working against international laws and requirements while at the same time declining to abandon its nuclear drives. Not only did it not take part in these encouraging developments but also acted as a key impediment to the global community’s efforts to create a world that is nuclear weapons free. North Korea’s irresponsibility as a nuclear weapons state is also seen when it goes against the individual rights of people. It is one of the countries whose people are mistreated by denying the citizens rights to choose their own ways of living. Although North Korea claims that their nuclear weapons are not instruments for assaulting and threatening others, they use them to offset aggression and attacks from the other countries. For instance, North Korea states that their nuclear deterrents can in no way be abandoned and should further be made stronger. United States further asserts that it would at no point recognize North Korea as a nuclear weapon country. It argues that North Korea present path is a â€Å"dead end â€Å". It has developed nuclear weapons for its own benefits, safeguarding its sovereignty and existence rights. The irresponsibility of North Korea as a nuclear weapons state has further been confirmed. It is irresponsible and ethically repugnant for any nation to produce and own weapons for arbitrarily killing billions of people. For instance, on March 2010, North Koreas torpedo led to the sinking of the ROK naval craft Cheonan. This assailment claimed 46 blameless lives (Nathan Daniel, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on North Korean Nuclearisation specifically for you for only $ 16.05 $11/page Learn More India is the most responsible nuclear weapons state compared to North Korea, Pakistan, Iran and other nuclear weapons. It has taken significant efforts to establish the export legislations for nuclear weapons. This has been taken as unexpected progress to lessen war threats in these country something North Korea has not even thought of. North Korea keeps proclaiming that it would make reliable efforts for denuclearization which has so far remained doubtful among other states. Conclusion The Possession of nuclear weapons by North Korea has augmented the stakes in disagreements. It has also threatened victims on an incredible scale. North Korea should thus discard its nuclear weapons programme and pursue the example of other countries such as India and Libya. The present trends in worldwide politics towards conflicts and wars must be abandoned in preference for dialogue and conformity with international law. Engaging in dialogue just for the sa ke is North Korea’s long preferred approach for holding up denuclerisation.This must not be contemplated any longer. North Korea must demonstrate honesty of its words by taking actual and irreversible steps towards denuclearization. The Korean government is however taking some approaches to minimize the use of nuclear weapons. These approaches include a no nuclear North Korea, two track approach and the approach of grand bargain. The two track approach emphasizes that North Korea should not be simply rewarded for going back to dialogue after performing provocative deeds. It first needs to demonstrate a strong commitment to denuclearization and take tangible steps regarding that end (Alagappa, 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the grand bargain approach, The North Korean government is seeking a broad and elemental resolution to the North Korean nuclear weapon matter. This aims to take in all the steps associated with North Koreas irrevocable denuclearization. It is therefore clear that while the accountability for nuclear security lies with individual states, international attempts are required to sustain national standards at an acceptable level. References Alagappa, M. (2009). The long shadow: nuclear weapons and security in 21st century.  DC: US Press. Nathan, E.B Daniel, J. (2009). Combating weapons of mass destruction: the future of  international nonproliferation policy. Georgia: University of Georgia Press. Sidney, D.D. (2007). Nuclear weapons, scientists, and the post-Cold War challenge.  NY: World Scientific Press. This essay on North Korean Nuclearisation was written and submitted by user Fallen One to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Oration vs. Peroration

Oration vs. Peroration Oration vs. Peroration Oration vs. Peroration By Maeve Maddox The Chicago Manual of Style warns careful writers to avoid confusing the words oration and peroration: A peroration, strictly speaking, is the conclusion of an oration (speech). Careful writers avoid using peroration to refer to a rousing speech or text. In its rhetorical sense, a peroration is the concluding part of a speech intended to sum things up and rouse the audience to some action. He[concluded] his speech with a peroration whose purpose was to remind the audience that he was among the few Republicans with a plausible shot at occupying the White House. Toward the end of the speech, King departed from his prepared text for a partly improvised peroration on the theme I have a dream The expression â€Å"a rousing peroration† in the sense of â€Å"a fiery speech,† is to be avoided, if for no other reason than it’s a clichà ©. In other contexts, however, the word peroration has been used since the 15th century to refer to a whole speech or utterance. Shakespeare used peroration in 1591 as a synonym for discourse: Nephew, what means this passionate discourse, †¨This peroration with such circumstance? †¨For France, tis ours; and we will keep it still. –Henry VI, Part II, I.i, 111. Later writers, including Harriet Beecher Stowe, Sinclair Lewis, Mark Twain, and F. Scott Fitzgerald, all used peroration to refer to comments other than the concluding part of an oration. In the following example from recent news item, peroration refers to a speech and not to the concluding part of a speech: When the de Blasios arrived a little after 10, the candidate gave a brief peroration to the gathering outside, which surely numbered more than one hundred. Certainly it would be an error to speak of â€Å"the perorations of Pericles† if what is meant are â€Å"the orations of Pericles.† But while the use of peroration as a synonym for speech might be justly considered stilted diction, it’s not an occasion for ridicule. Calling a politician’s whistle stop speech a peroration is no worse than using decimate to mean â€Å"to kill an indeterminate number of people† because the word’s â€Å"real† meaning is â€Å"to kill one in ten.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Opening Lines to Inspire the Start of Your Storyâ€Å"As Well As† Does Not Mean â€Å"And†Dealing With A Character's Internal Thoughts

Nursing budget Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing budget - Assignment Example This would mean a noninvasive way to get the same results. Noninvasive is ideal for any patient because it means more comfort for the patient while we are conducting our tests. The controllable costs will be the initial costs to purchase a unit. Uncontrollable costs will be in the form of maintenance and this would be based on the usage. If we were to buy a unit that costs $10,000 and finance it at 8% interest over 2 years our payments would only be $452.27 per month. This is more than reasonable. 7. We would need to hire 6 RNs for the regular shifts and an additional part–time RN. This would mean a total of 7 RNs. 8. Median salary for RNs is 75,180. For the full time RNs this would be $451,080. Our part time RN would earn $33.09 per hour and receive up to 30 hours per week for a maximum payroll total of $51,620.40. Total for all would be approximately $502,700.40. 9. You could use 4 full time RNs and 1 part-time RN if the shifts were 12 hours each. 10 – 13. Options for the 6th nurse would include being a floater, training, helping out with phones or other things that need to be done. I would make my 6th nurse a floater meaning that she would constantly go from room to room to make sure that the patients and other nurses have what they need. The floater would be a different nurse each time this happens to make sure that the other nurses also have a chance to perform the same duties. Implementing this decision would allow all of the nurses to learn from one another thereby making sure they are all on the same page. One nurse would not be receiving more or less training than the other but instead they will be training as a group. 14 - 16. A cost containment strategy would be effective staffing and human resource policies. HR software could be used to keep track of employees’ comings and goings. We could use an automated time card system that would track time, holidays, breaks, etc. This would help with containment of overtime, lost hours due to being nonproductive and over or under staffing. Also making sure there is a clear plan for overtime, identifying nonproductive time, and demonstrating a firm understanding of incentives and bonuses (Kirkby, 2003). Overtime is usually the cause of being over budget due to not planning out the staff accordingly. There should always be some contingencies included in any personnel budget to make sure that overtime is at a minimum. Lost hours may not seem as important but if we look at the hours that an employee has spent being nonproductive we realize how much we are losing by paying that employee to do virtually nothing. 17 - 20. The continuous limb movement machines can be postponed as well as the seminar. We were most accurate in predicting supplies and personnel expenses. We were most inaccurate with continuing education, capital expenditures, and travel. Some factors that contributed to this could have been not knowing ahead of time which conferences we wanted to attend as well as deciding too late to buy more equipment. We over budgeted for personnel. This over-budgeting could be used towards some of the other things that we want to do such as purchasing the equipment we need or attending the conference. Our projected ADC was actually too low as well. In next year’s budget we should plan on ADC being slightly higher than 25.8 so that we can adequately budget for all aspects of our department. 21 – 24. According to Schmidt & Altus (Schmidt & Altus, 2010) several factors that are

Conflict Management Styles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Conflict Management Styles - Essay Example Prevention of conflicts can have dire consequences on productivity. This is because it is through conflict resolution that underlying issues affecting the employees are resolved. It is also through conflict that eventually people get to understand each other and hence work better together in future. There are many approaches that are used by organizations to deal with conflict at the workplace and of course each approach yields different outcomes. Some of these conflict management approaches include avoidance, negotiation, arbitration, litigation or dismissal and transfer of irreconcilable employees. In most cases organizations will apply a combination of two or more conflict management tactics. In my workplace the popular conflict management approach used is avoidance. This approach takes the form of simply ignoring conflicts among employees in the hope that the issues of contention will disappear. Needless to say this approach only suppresses conflict and aggravates the problems. With time the conflicts become irrepressible and erupt to scandals. Disgruntled employees sabotage office resources and in case the conflict is among co-workers the scenario may take to physical confrontation. This tarnishes the image and reputation that an organization takes so much to build. Another approach used at my workplace is instant transfer of one or both parties to the conflict and in some cases dismissal. This approach has its pros and cons in that transfers can have an adverse effect on the employee and the same for dismissal. However, other times it has been used to dilute tension betwee n worker with bad blood. Separation thus seems to be very logical. Management at the workplace should ensure that it refrains from using such a technique. The techniques used at my workplace contradict with my personal conflict management preferences at varying degrees. I highly believe that avoiding a problem in the hope that it goes away does not help. Communication is crucial to conflict management. It is important to note that conflict mounts slowly from simple arguments then accumulates to intolerable tensions culminating to conflicts. Management can contain and dissolve these arguments and tensions before it translates to conflict. This is possible by monitoring employee relations and identifying potential conflicts. (Nelson & Quick, 2006). In addition, frequent open discussions among the employees and the management can help to quell discontent felt by the workforce before it matures to conflicts and scandal. Further, proper channels and policies that clearly outline the organization's stance on conflict and the expected code of conduct at the organization can help to alleviate conflict. For example, harassment is popular at th e workplace because the organizations lack clear cut rules and regulations to govern relationship among people in the workforce. Women especially fall victim to sexual harassment from their bosses and managers and in most cases feel helpless and turn to conflict in order to grab attention of others. If proper codes of conduct are placed then conflicts at the workplace can be managed. Another shortfall of transfers and dismissal of parties to conflict is that it assumes that only main participants are

Comparing both Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill's philosophical Essay

Comparing both Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill's philosophical positions - Essay Example He believed that happiness is derived from the good will in performing an action regardless of the consequences. Consequently, the results of an action, whether good or bad, should be deemed irrelevant so long as the basis of good action was based on good will. Furthermore, he believed that people actions were morally good when based on an obligation to duty. According to Kant, if a maxim was in compliance to universal law then it was morally good and could be subjected to rational human beings (Maj, 2002). Kant further specified the practical imperative which dictated on human dignity. The basic logic of human dignity is based on treating human beings always as an end in themselves as opposed to a means to an end. However, one major assumption of Kant’s theory is ignorance of the consequences of actions based on good will. Actions based on good will are viewed as morally right irrespective of the consequences whether good or bad. John Stuart Mill proposed a different code of ethics, drawn from teleological theory, known as utilitarianism or the principle of utility (Maj, 2002). His theory justified actions as morally good if it led to happiness. However, if the result of the action was unhappiness, then it should be deemed as immoral. Moreover, decisions and actions are judged on morality based on the consequences and not the performing of the act itself. Furthermore, he theorized that if an action results to greater happiness to a greater number of people then it was morally right. Thus in pursuit of happiness through hedonism (ethical and psychological hedonism), people should perform actions that result to pleasure and prevent pain. John Stuart Mill’s utilitarianism also justifies sacrifice if it contributes to the pleasure of people or minimizes pain. For example, sacrifice in form of discretion, that result in happiness to the greatest number of people. Moreover, Mill’s theory supports alt ruism as opposed to egoism.

Synthesis of Ethano Strapped TBs

Synthesis of Ethano Strapped TBs Chapter 3 Synthesis of Ethano Strapped TBs. 3.2  Experimental Section 3.2.1  General procedure for the synthesis of ethano-strapped Trà ¶gers base. The methano-strapped TrÓ §gers base (4.24 mmol) and 1,2-dibromoethane (1.60 g, 8.48 mmol, 2.0 eq.) were dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (5 mL) and lithium carbonate (1.41 g, 19.08 mmol, 4.5 eq.) was added to the mixture which was stirred and heated at 110  °C for 3 days.   The mixture was cooled and suspended in ethyl acetate (100 mL) and then washed with water (2 25 mL), dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness.   The crude material was chromatographed (silica gel) to afford the desired ethano-strapped Trà ¶gers base products. 3.3.5  2,8-Dimethoxy-6H,12H-5,11-ethanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine X(MHK 02-60)ACT checked NMR Starting with 2,8-dimethoxy TrÓ §gers base X (1.20 g, 4.24 mmol), the crude material obtained upon work-up was chromatographed (silica gel, dichloromethane:ethyl acetate 4:1) to afford X (659 mg, 53%) as an off-white solid.   m.p. 185-187  °C (lit.ref 186-189  °C)1.   1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3), ÃŽ ´ 3.55-3.61 (4H, m, CH2-CH2), 3.68 (6H, s, OCH3), 4.37 (2H, d, J = 17.2 Hz, CH2), 4.55 (2H, d, J = 17.2 Hz, CH2), 6.43 (2H, d, J = 2.8 Hz, ArH), 6.62 (2H, dd, J = 2.8, 8.6 Hz, ArH), 7.07 (2H, d, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH).   The data are in agreement with those reported in the literature.1 3.3.4  2,8-Dibromo-6H,12H-5,11-ethanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine X(MHK 01-120)ACT checked NMR Starting with 2,8-dibromo TrÓ §gers base X (1.65 g, 4.24 mmol), the crude material obtained upon work-up was chromatographed (silica gel, dichloromethane) to afford X (750 mg, 45%) as an off-white solid.   m.p. 220  °C.   1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 3.47-3.59 (4H, m, CH2-CH2), 4.35 (2H, d, J = 17.4 Hz, CH2), 4.53 (2H, d, J = 17.4 Hz, CH2), 6.96 (2H, d, J = 8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.04 (2H, d, J = 2.1 Hz, ArH), 7.17 (2H, dd, J = 2.1, 8.4 Hz, ArH).   The data are in agreement with those reported in the literature.2 3.3.2  6H,12H-5,11-Ethanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine X(MHK 01-116)ACT checked NMR Starting with unsubstituted methano-strapped TrÓ §gers base X (942 mg, 4.24 mmol), the crude material obtained upon work-up was chromatographed (silica gel, dichloromethane: ethyl acetate 4:1) to afford X (505 mg, 51%) as an off-white solid.   m.p. 169-171  °C (lit.3 174  °C).   1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 3.53-3.68 (4H, m, CH2-CH2), 4.46 (2H, d, J = 17.2 Hz, CH2), 4.61 (2H, d, J = 17.2 Hz, CH2), 6.89-6.96 (4H, m, ArH), 7.03-7.08 (2H, m, ArH), 7.09-13 (2H, m, ArH).   The data are in agreement with those reported in the literature.3 5.3.20Di-tert-butyl-3,9-dicarbamate-2,8-dimethyl-6H,12H-5,11-ethanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine X (MHK-06-108)   Sample has a lot of ethyl acetate in it re-run both 1H and 13C NMR Starting with bis(3,9-tert-butyl-dicarbamate-2,8-dimethyl TrÓ §gers base X (5.00 g, 10.42 mmol), the crude material obtained upon work-up was chromatographed (silica gel, dichloromethane:ethyl acetate 1:1) to afford X (2.67 g, 52% with 7% methano strapped as a impurity) as a pale brown solid.   m.p. X-Y  °C.   1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 1.49 (18H, s, Boc CH3), 2.03 (6H, s, CH3), 3.50-3.60 (4H, m, CH2-CH2), 4.40 (2H, d, J = 17.1 Hz, CH2), 4.48 (2H, d, J = 17.1 Hz, CH2), 6.08 (2H, s, ArH), 6.67 (2H, s, ArH), 7.56 (2H, br s, NH).   13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 17.1, 28.3, 54.9, 58.5, 80.2, 120.3, 128.4, 130.3, 132.0, 134.9, 148.8, 152.9 ppm.   FTIR 1049 (m), 1182 (s), 1230 (m), 1709 (s, C=O), 2900 (m), 2972 (m), 3295(bs), cm-1.   Anal. Calcd for C28H38N4O4:   C 67.99; H 7.74; N 11.33.   Found C XX; H XX; N XX %. 3.3.38H,16H-7,15-Ethanodinaphtho[2,1-b][2,1-f][1,5]diazocine X(MHK 03-72)ACT checked NMR contains an impurity ethano strap region should be symmetric Re-run both 1H and 13C NMR grow crystals! Starting with naphthalene TrÓ §gers base X (500 mg, 1.55 mmol), the crude material obtained upon work-up was chromatographed (silica gel, dichloromethane) to afford X (113 mg, 22%) as an off-white solid.   m.p. 224-227  °C.   1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 3.75-3.97 (4H, m, CH2-CH2), 4.90 (2H, d, J = 17.5 Hz, CH2), 5.44 (2H, d, J = 17.5 Hz, CH2), 7.27-7.37 (4H, m, ArH), 7.41-7.48 (2H, m, ArH), 7.51 (2H, app. d, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH), 7.67 (2H, app. d, J = 8.0 Hz, ArH), 7.82 (2H, d, J = 8.5 Hz, ArH).   13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 55.2, 55.7, 122.3, 124.4, 126.0, 127.3, 127.5, 128.3, 128.6, 131.5, 132.5, 148.5 ppm.   FTIR 828 (s), 927 (s), 1137 (m), 1209 (m), 1469 (m), 2360 (m), 2900 (m), 2959 (m) cm-1.   Anal. Calcd for C24H20N2:   C 85.68; H 5.99; N 8.33.   Found C 85.73; H 5.68; N 8.59%. 3.3.72,8-Dimethanol-6H,12H-5,11-ethanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine X(MHK 04-50)The spectrum is terrible there is NO way you can claim to have made this compound see me Starting with 2,8-dimethanol TrÓ §gers base X (400 mg, 1.42 mmol), the crude material obtained upon work-up was chromatographed (silica gel, dichloromethane: ethyl acetate 1:1) to afford X (134 mg, 32%) as a colourless solid.   m.p. X-Y  °C (lit.ref A-B  °C).2   1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 1.76 (2H, br s, OH), 3.46-3.64 (4H, m, CH2-CH2), 4.43 (2H, d, J = 17.3 Hz, CH2), 4.47 (2H, s, CH2OH), 4.56 (2H, d, J = 17.2 Hz, CH2), 6.89 (2H, app. s, ArH), 7.02 (2H, dd, J = 1.5, 8.1 Hz, ArH), 7.07 (2H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, ArH), 7.26 (2H, s, ArH).   13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 54.6, 59.1, 64.8, 126.1, 127.5, 128.1, 136.7, 137.2, 149.6 ppm.   FTIR 750 (s), 884 (s), 1105 (m), 1195 (m), 1328 (m), 1491 (d), 1622 (s), 1701 (s, C=O), 2852 (m), 2893 (bs), 2946 (m) cm-1.   Anal. Calcd for C18H20N2O2:   C 72.95; H 6.80; N 9.45.   Found C XX; H XX; N XX %.   See me is this compound in the literature(NOT charactrised in letreature)   1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Ã‚   Ishida, Y.; Ito, H.; Mori, D.; Saigo, K., Tetrahedron Lett. 2005, 46, 109-112. 3.3.82-Bromo-8-methyl-6H,12H-5,11-ethanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine X(MHK-05-18)ACT checked NMR Starting with 2-bromo-8-methyl TrÓ §gers base X (1.30 g, 4.12 mmol), the crude material obtained upon work-up was chromatographed (silica gel, dichloromethane) to afford X (1.00 g, 73%) as an off-white solid.   m.p. 209-212  °C.   1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 2.19 (3H, s, CH3), 3.47-3.62 (4H, m, CH2-CH2), 4.37 (2H, app. d, J = 17.1 Hz, CH2), 4.53 (1H, d, J = 17.2 Hz, CH2), 4.54 (1H, d, J = 17.2 Hz, CH2), 6.71 (1H, app. s, ArH), 6.86-6.91 (1H, m, ArH), 6.97 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz, ArH), 6.99 (1H, d, J = 7.9 Hz, ArH), 7.03 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz, ArH), 7.15 (1H, dd, J = 2.1, 8.3 Hz, ArH).   13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 20.7, 54.70, 54.74, 58.7, 59.0, 117.5, 127.7, 128.1, 129.1, 129.7, 130.1, 131.4, 134.4, 136.0, 139.2, 147.2, 149.5 ppm.   FTIR 863 (s), 944 (m), 1090 (m), 1219 (s), 1341 (s), 1476 (s), 1518 (s), 2901 (m), 2954 (m) cm-1.   Anal. Calcd for C17H17BrN2:   C 62.02; H 5.20; N 8.51.   Found C 62.29; H 5.12; N 8.68%. 3.3.92-Bromo-8-methoxyl-6H,12H-5,11-ethanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine X(MHK-04-34)ACT checked NMRReplot 13C with expansions of all picked peaks and show ACTMay need to re-run 13C with more scans not sure about some peaks Starting with 2-bromo-8-methoxy TrÓ §gers base X (500 mg, 1.51 mmol), the crude material obtained upon work-up was chromatographed (silica gel, dichloromethane:ethyl acetate 2:1) to afford X (180 mg, 35%) as a pale brown solid.   m.p. 156-157  °C.   1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 3.50-3.60 (4H, m, CH2-CH2), 3.68 (3H, s, OCH3), 4.34 (1H, d, J = 17.3 Hz, CH2), 4.37 (1H, d, J = 17.2 Hz, CH2), 4.52 (1H, d, J 17.3 Hz, CH2), 4.54 (1H, d, J = 17.2 Hz, CH2), 6.42 (1H, d, J = 2.9 Hz, ArH), 6.63 (1H, dd, J = 2.9, 8.6 Hz, ArH), 6.98 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.01-7.06 (2H, m, ArH), 7.16 (1H, dd, J = 2.0, 8.4 Hz, ArH).   13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 54.7, 54.8, 55.2, 58.8, 59.2, 112.8, 113.3, 117.6, 128.8, 129.7, 130.2, 131.5, 137.5, 139.0, 149.4, 156.6, 165.6 ppm.   FTIR 805 (m), 846 (m), 1025 (s), 1066 (s), 1278 (s), 1469 (s), 1487 (m), 1594 (m), 2359 (m), 2900 (m) cm-1.   Anal. Calcd for C17H17BrN2O:   C 59.14; H 4.96; N 8.11.   Found C 59.26; H 4.72; N 8.08%. 3.3.102-Ethoxycarbonyl-4,8-dimethyl-6H,12H-5,11-ethanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine X(MHK-04-30)ACT checked 1H NMR NEED 13C NMR Starting with 2-ethoxycarbonyl-4,8-dimethyl TrÓ §gers base X (500 mg, 1.55 mmol), the crude material obtained upon work-up was chromatographed (silica gel, dichloromethane:ethyl acetate 4:1) to afford X (88 mg, 17%) as a pale yellow solid.   m.p. 182-185  °C.   1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 1.32 (3H, t, J = 7.1 Hz, CH3), 2.17 (3H, s, CH3), 2.38 (3H, s, CH3), 3.54-3.66 (4H, m, CH2-CH2), 4.20-4.33 (3H, m, CH2), 4.49 (1H, d, J = 17.4 Hz, CH2), 4.50 (1H, d, J = 17.2 Hz, CH2), 4.60 (1H, d, J = 17.2 Hz, CH2), 6.69 (1H, app. s, ArH), 6.85-6.89 (1H, m, ArH), 7.02-7.09 (1H, m, ArH), 7.46 (1H, app. s, ArH), 7.65 (1H, app. s, ArH).   13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 14.3, 17.8, 20.7, 54.7, 55.4, 55.4, 59.3, 60.6, 126.1, 127.8, 128.1, 129.0, 130.0, 134.3, 135.5, 136.5, 137.0, 147.2, 152.8, 166.5 ppm.   FTIR 776 (s), 833 (s), 905 (m), 1025 (s), 1215 (s), 1293 (s), 1497 (s), 1709 (s, C=O), 2900 (m) cm-1.   Anal. Calcd for C21H24N2O2:   C 74.97; H 7.19; N 8.33.   Found C 74.72; H 7.25; N 8.41 %. 2.3.118-Bromo-2-ethoxycarbonyl-4-methyl-6H,12H-5,11-ethanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine X (MHK-05-22)ACT checked NMRNeed to re-run 13C with more scans insufficient aryl peakssections of 1H MR should go in thessi with discussion see ACT Starting with 8-bromo-2-ethoxycarbonyl-4-methyl TrÓ §gers base X (5.50 g, 14.21 mmol), the crude material obtained upon work-up was chromatographed (silica gel, dichloromethane:ethyl acetate 3:1) to afford X (1.70 mg, 30%) as pale yellow solid.   m.p. 196  °C.   1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 1.33 (3H, t, J = 7.1 Hz, CH3), 2.36 (3H, s, CH3), 3.54-3.64 (4H, m, CH2-CH2), 4.21 (1H, d, J = 17.5 Hz, CH2), 4.24-4.34 (2H, 2 x overlapping q, J = 7.1 Hz, CH2-CH3), 4.47 (1H, d, J = 17.3 Hz, CH2), 4.49 (1H, d, J = 17.4 Hz, CH2), 4.57 (1H, d, J = 17.3 Hz, CH2), 6.97 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.01 (1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz, ArH), 7.15 (1H, dd, J = 2.2, 8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.44-7.46 (1H, m, ArH), 7.65-7.67 (1H, m, ArH).   13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 14.3, 17.8, 54.6, 55.0, 55.2, 59.1, 60.7, 117.6, 126.3, 128.0, 129.9, 130.2, 130.3, 131.2, 135.6, 136.6, 139.1, 149.2, 152.3, 166.4 ppm.   FTIR 827 (s), 927 (s), 1023 (m), 1150 (s), 1387 (s), 1412 (m), 11470 (s), 1704 (s, C=O), 2360 (m), 2900 (m) cm -1.   Anal. Calcd for C20H21BrN2O2:   C 59.86; H 5.27; N 6.98.   Found C 59.76; H 5.19; N 7.21%. 3.3.121,4,8-Trimethyl-2-nitro-6H,12H-5,11-ethanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine X(MHK-02-10)Need 1H and 13C NMR where are these!!! Starting with 1,4,8-trimethyl-2-nitro- TrÓ §gers base Y (500 mg, 1.62 mmol), the crude material obtained upon work-up was chromatographed (silica gel, dichloromethane:ethyl acetate:hexane 4:1:1) to afford X (153 mg, 29%) as a yellow solid.   m.p. 138-141  °C.   1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 2.20 (6H, s, CH3), 2.36 (3H, s, CH3), 3.54-3.64 (4H, m, CH2-CH2), 4.33 (1H, d, J = 17.5 Hz, CH2), 4.36 (1H, d, J = 17.6, CH2), 4.50 (1H, d, J = 17.5 Hz, CH2), 4.65 (1H, d, J = 17.6 Hz, CH2), 6.75 (1H, app. s, ArH), 6.89 (1H, app.d, J = 7.9 Hz, ArH), 7.01 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, ArH), 7.40 (1H, s, ArH).   13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 14.7, 17.8, 20.7, 54.1, 54.9, 55.7, 57.2, 124.1, 125.0, 127.9, 128.3, 128.6, 128.8, 134.2, 134.6, 136.5, 136.8, 147.2, 152.4 ppm.   FTIR 819 (m), 1053 (s), 1185 (m), 1280 (s), 1369 (m), 1497 (m), 2359 (m), 2900 (m), 2987 (m) cm-1.   Anal. Calcd for C19H21N3O2:   C 70.57; H 6.55; N 12.99.   Found C 70.52; H 6.28; N 12.69%. 3.3.142,8-Dimethyl-4-nitro-6H,12H-5,11-ethanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine X(MHK-02-10, MHK04-66 ChromA1)re-run 1H and 13 Spectra Starting with 2,8-dimethyl-4-nitro-Trà ¶gers base X (500 mg, 1.69 mmol) and 1with heating for 5 days,the crude material obtained upon work-up was chromatographed (silica gel, dichloromethane: ethyl acetate 10:1) to afford Y (120 mg, 23%) as a yellow solid.   m.p. 168-170  °C.   1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 2.20 (3H, s, CH3), 2.21 (3H, s, CH3), 3.42-3.63 (4H, m, CH2-CH2), 4.44 (1H, d, J = 17.6 Hz, CH2), 4.50 (2H, app. s, CH2), 4.62 (1H, d J = 17.6 Hz, CH2), 6.79 (1H, app. s, ArH), 6.87-6.94 (2H, m, ArH), 7.02 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, ArH), 7.11 (1H, app. s, ArH).   13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) ÃŽ ´ 20.5, 20.7, 54.4, 56.0, 58.0, 59.4, 122.0, 127.5, 128.1, 129.4, 132.2, 134.6, 135.4, 136.0, 139.4, 140.8, 146.9, 150.5 ppm.   FTIR 836 (m), 884 (m), 1021 (m), 1171 (s), 1371 (m), 1521 (s), 2910 (m), cm-1.   Anal. Calcd for C18H19N3O2:   C 69.88; H 6.19; N 13.58.   Found C 69.67; H 6.24; N 13.43%. References 1.Hamada, Y.; Mukai, S., Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1996, 7, 2671-2674. 2.Ishida, Y.; Ito, H.; Mori, D.; Saigo, K., Tetrahedron Lett. 2005, 46, 109-112. 3.Faroughi, M.; Try, A. C.; Turner, P., Acta Crystallogr., Sect. E: Struct. Rep. Online 2008, 64, o458.

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Jacksonian Democrats stood up for the view they had of themselves in their attempts to preserve the United States Constitution by furthering the progress in political democracy, individual liberty, and equality of economic opportunity. President Jackson and his certain ideals captured the minds of many people which resulted in many votes towards him. Some would even characterize Jackson as a hero, having defeated the British at the Battle of New Orleans and climbing his way up to wealth from poverty; the American Dream. Andrew Jackson was a strict constitutional constructionist, he felt it was his duty to guard what he believed to be the constitution’s spirit, this is carried out when he handles South Carolina’s Nullification Crisis. Jackson makes a strong statement by passing the â€Å"1833 Force Bill†, that the position of John C. Calhoun and also his home state (South Carolina) are unconstitutional. It is also made clear by Jackson that he, as president, is prepared to back up his ideals, even with force, if necessary. By his handling of â€Å"The 1832-1841 Bank War†, Jackson further advanced his demanding constructionist position. Looking in Article I, section 8 of the Constitution, authority to create a national bank given to congress is nowhere to be found. Jackson effectively takes apart what he had viewed as a â€Å"monopoly of the foreign and domestic exchange† that had not been â€Å"compatible with justice, with sound policy, or with the Constitution o f our country.† (Document B) Jackson’s stance on the Bank of the United States also provides an explanation of his commitment to political democracy. Though made by Clay and Webster to publicly place Jackson in an awkward position, the 1832 Bank recharter backfired on the opponent, Whigs... ...n the opinion of Chief Justice Roger B. Taney, Jackson’s Supreme Court appointee, in the Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge case. While John Marshall (enemy of Jackson) had made a passage for competition in Gibbons v. Ogden, Taney pointed out in a Jacksonian Democratic type fashion, that charters must be translated strictly. â€Å"There is no exclusive privilege given to them over the waters of Charles River†¦.†(Document H) By this, it is obvious that there is commitment to equality of economic opportunity. Andrew Jackson was a very powerful man, many years of American history carries his name. Despite the negative comments and names that opponents had given him, President Jackson has left an inerasable mark in history as a true guardian of the United States Constitution, preserving political democracy, individual liberty, and equality of economic opportunity.

A Critique of the Structure Conduct Performance Paradigm (Scp) Essay

A Critique of the Structure Conduct Performance Paradigm (SCP) †¢The SCP approach draws on theories of market structure. These theories can be adapted to examine the behavior of firms and industries. However, these theories do not always give us exact relationships between structure, conduct and performance. †¢Structure can be measured by a multitude of indicators. Unfortunately, many economists tend to measure structure by concentration. This is primarily because data is easy to find in government statistics. As a consequence, there is a danger of overemphasizing the importance of concentration. †¢The SCP approach has been criticized for providing a ‘snapshot’ of competitive conditions. The approach does little to explain how the industry has evolved into its current state and what, if any, the future changes of industry structure and firm behavior are likely to be. †¢It is often difficult to decide which variables belong to structure, which to condu ct and which to performance. For example, the extent of advertising, vertical integration and diversification gives useful information as to the structure of an industry. However, these are also strategies which firms can choose to follow to gain a competitive advantage over rivals. †¢There are difficulties in measuring many of the variables. For example, how would one measure profitability? How does one measure entry barriers and the rate of entry? How do we measure the extent of vertical integration? †¢What exactly do we mean by performance? Performance is some measure of the degree of success in achieving desired goals. Is it possible to have a set of uniform performance indicators? Differences in firm objectives may make the links between firm behavior and performance difficult to assess. For example, if firms are sacrificing potential profits in order to reduce risk by investing in more certain activities, then researchers should be more interested in variability in profit rates and not profits levels per se. Alternatively, if managers are maximizing their own satisfaction through excess expenditures, then it is no longer clear that large firms will necessarily make abnormal returns. In other words, firms insulated from competitive pressure may choose a ‘quiet life’ and no longer strive for greater efficiency and higher profits. Despite its critics, the SCP approach is one of the most popular and enduring approaches to analyzing competitive markets. For example, European banking has experienced competitive change over the last decade. Government deregulation has increased competition and allowed banks to compete not only in domestic but also in other European markets. The extent of diversification has increased, which has caused the distinction between b anks, building societies and insurance companies to become blurred. There has been entry of foreign banks into many European countries, leading to intensified competition. The number of banks has declined in many European markets in recent years. The trend is apparent across different types of banks, including the mutual savings and co-operative banks as well as the domestic commercial banks. Reference: http://classof1.com/homework-help/macroeconomics-homework-help/

Rwanda essays

Rwanda essays In my opinion, Belgians have the biggest responsibility of genocide in Rwanda. Every thing started with Belgiums colonizatation. They did many horrible things to Rwanda and its people. Firstly, the first thing they did is the seperatation. Before Belgians come, there were many groups living in the country peacefully. There wasnt any ruler or a king there. However, Belgium, by this peacefully way they couldnt have reached their intention. Hence, they decided to set at loggerheads Hutus and Tutsis. Hutus and Tutsis have already been divided by their stereotypes. Conversely they were not enemies. Afterwards, Belgians made an identify card system, day by day which will become a hereditary thing. It helped Belgium to start a war between these two groups. It was known that Tutsis were known as the rulers and Hutus were the workers. Conversely there wasnt an enmity. And also being a Tutsi or a Hutu comes from having 10 or less cattle and having 10 or more cattle. Thus, their grandfathers designate their groups. I think that, it was the best way to start a war and now we can easily say that it was genocide. They made real separation because before Belgium there was nobody killing each other. Furthermore, when something become hereditary, nobody can change it. It was maybe the same as a rule but also it was more unchangeable than a rule. Hence, making something hereditary will be sometimes easy as we see in this example but break it we need hundreds of years. Secondly, they worked hand in hand with Catholic Church, which ran the schools. So that Huru children will learn Christian but Tutsis wont. Because they was known as race of Ham, one of the three sons of Noah. By that, they also started region separation I think. As a consequence, maybe Hutus didnt do anything to Tutsis in the past because of Tutsis region power. But now there is no handicap! It is becoming more and more important year by year . ...

10 50th Birthday Quotes

10 50th Birthday Quotes The half-century birthday calls for a big celebration. The  50th birthday  heralds the rebirth of a relaxed person who has fulfilled many of his obligations.  Do not count lifes success by benchmarks or years; count the blessings bestowed upon you. Life looks different when it does not saddle you with the responsibilities and ambition you faced earlier. The most important time in your life is now.  When you are ready to walk into the sunset, make sure that you dont look back and wonder why you missed out on all those beautiful moments that came by. Here are the thoughts of various people on the 50th birthday and midlife in general: Joan Rivers: Famously Acerbic American Comedian, Actress, and Producer, 1933-2014 Looking 50  is great if you’re 60. George Orwell:  English Author of  1984 and Animal Farm, 1903-1950 At age 50, everyone has the face he deserves. James A. Garfield: U.S. President, 1831-1881 (Assassinated)   If wrinkles must be written upon our brows, let them not be written upon the heart. The spirit should never grow old. Richard John Needham: Canadian Newspaper Humor Columnist, 1912-1996 The seven ages of man: spills, drills, thrills, bills, ills, pills, and wills. Pablo Picasso: Spanish Painter, Sculptor, Cubism Pioneer, and Author, 1881-1973 The years between 50 and 70 are the hardest. You are always being asked to do things, and yet you are not decrepit enough to turn them down! Jack Benny: American Comedian and Actor, Perennially Age 39, 1894-1974 The old believe everything; the middle-aged suspect everything; the young know everything! Lucille Ball: American Comedian, Actress, and Early Sitcom Star, 1911-1989 Middle age is when your age starts to show around your middle! Muhammad Ali: American Boxer and Amateur Philosopher, 1942-2016 The man who views the world at  50 the same as he did at 20 has wasted 30 years of his life. George Bernard Shaw: Irish Playwright of  Pygmalion, 1856-1950 Age is strictly a case of mind over matter. If you dont mind, it doesnt matter! Don Marquis: American Humorist, Novelist, and Playwright, 1878-1937 Middle age is the time when a man is always thinking that in a week or two he will feel as good as ever.

Continuos quality improvement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Continuos quality improvement - Essay Example Lack of information among patient is a leading cause of hostility to treatment or noncooperation. Thus, this is a problem that hinders quality healthcare. Upon defining the problem, I would collect the relevant data that would show this problem and hence support the need for patient education. Analysis of the collected data would show the current performance of the program (The National Learning Consortium, 2013). By so doing, CQI initiative would identify the main causes of the problem. Data analysis forms a basis for improvement. Improvement should be made if the results show low-quality indicators. A CQI process should identify the root causes of a problem and the alternative changes that can improve the process. About patient education, data may show that lack of information about treatment and aspects such as pain may lead to hostility to treatment among patients. After determining the necessary changes, control measures should be instituted. Control measures involve close monitoring of the initiative to ensure that it delivers the required objectives. In the end, the CQI initiate would be successful. The National Learning Consortium. (2013). Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) Strategies to Optimize your Practice. Retrieved from

Customer services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Customer services - Essay Example Purchasing, product quality and product manufacture may never interact or talk to clients directly, yet they are crucial aspects in meeting the needs of the customers. If a business wants to deliver costly goods that, does not work and make late delivery, this affects consumer service in the same way as the effects of rude sales representative will do. The entire business should consolidate its efforts to offer adequate and effective customer service. The paper will investigate different ways of enhancing customer service to enhance the profitability of an enterprise. Discussion In a bid to compete effectively in a real customer-driven way, a business must integrate its whole business operations around meeting the needs and wants if its customers – not marketing, selling and client service, but logistics of production and financial infrastructure and metrics. Business exceeds expectation of their clients by focusing innovation attempts in different areas such as creating frien dly customer process, ensuring workers commitment to services of customers and client dialog, (James, 2009, p.12). A business attains some excellence in these areas to attain effective customer service. Businesses with better customer services comprehend that providing a superior experience for clients’ triggers loyalty and enhance combine results. ... Managers should understand and improve clients experience with their products and overall business transactions and services, (Kerr, 1996, p41). Similarly, business should streamline its resources without compromising its essentials. The company should maintain close contact with its clients on a regular manner, update them with free product and service information and ensure client satisfaction. This is because mood and perception of customers truly matters in any business transaction. For instance, if one is operating a healthcare company, he should understand that his clients are dealing with emotional aspects such as medication and illness, (Leone, 1999, p.45). Therefore, the employees should offer the client with emotional support and offer empathy dimensions to motivate and retain customers. Clientelling model is an effective mechanism used by large-scale companies. It entails pairing a client with a representative or employee who signs in the customer’s actions into the company database and meets future customer services accordingly. This is effective in creating connections with profitable customers, (Macphee, 2011, p.89). A company can improve customer service using cost-cutting strategies that balance the budget without terminating fundamental service, for instances, acting on the terms of the clients. This will involve interacting with clients in appropriate ways. Instead of employing a customer greeter whom clients mainly dismiss, the managers can instruct workers throughout the company to welcome incoming customers. This is about providing services based on the client’s terms. Additionally, create a strong customer